Thursday, April 14, 2016

DYSBIOSIS: BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH IN THE GUT

After spending a weekend in Auburn, Alabama attending my 35th veterinary school class reunion, it seemed full circle from a previous life. 




I revisited 40 years later, Callaway Gardens and President Roosevelt’s Little White House in Warm Springs, Georgia. 


As a special added moment, I went back to Auburn University flight school, where I performed my first solo in a Piper Cherokee. 

The full cycle of revisiting spring in the Deep South is something to celebrate.

Sometimes things do get out of balance. Tragically sometimes it is a car accident. 


In my day to day, it can be intestinal issues of my patients and an overgrowth of the wrong bacteria in the gut.
WHAT IS INTESTINAL DYSBIOSIS?
This is an imbalance of the intestinal bacteria associated with many GI disorders. Irritating bacterial toxins maybe produced or there may be a loss of protective good bacteria to provide balance for gut health. 

WHY IS THERE A SUSPECTED LINK OF DYSBIOSIS AND OVER USE OF ANTIBIOTICS in CHILDREN?
Besides the obvious concerns about drug resistant bacterial developing, this imbalance is suspected to be associated with development of allergies, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s) in adult. In addition, dysbiosis may lead to destruction of important enzymes in the intestinal wall, damage to important proteins that carry material through intestinal wall for absorption, and competition for nutrients such as Vitamin B12 leading to chronic weight loss & diarrhea.
I THOUGHT ALL BACTERIA WAS BAD?
According to Jason Tetro, a Canadian microbiologist in his book “The Germ Code,” only 0.01% of the thousands of bacteria that regularly interact with humans cause infection. It is estimated that there are 100 trillion microbial cells in the GI tract. A balance of gut bacteria regulates the immune system, helps in mounting a defense against bad bacteria, and provides nutritional benefits. 


WHAT IS THIS ABOUT GERM WARFARE AND CERTAIN BACTERIA IN THE GUT MAY FIGHT CANCER?
Recently, in magazine Scientific American, the influences on the immune system of gut bacteria were noted. In the mice study, Bifidobacterium bacteria seemed responsible for improved anti-tumor activity. In another study, Bacteroides bacteria presence would help determine how well a new immune-therapy drug (check-point inhibitor) worked. However, giving oral antibiotics to these mice during the clinical trial wiped out the anti-cancer drug effectiveness. 

HOW CAN DYSBIOSIS BE DIAGNOSED?
Texas A&M GI lab has a new fecal test to identify harmful bacteria in the gut called the DYSBIOSIS INDEX that maybe used in cases of chronic intestinal diseases.

TREATMENTS FOR DYSBIOSIS?
Novel diet trial, probiotics, antibiotic trial (tylosin), and then anti-inflammatory medications

 
WHAT ARE SOME POTENTIAL USES IN THE FUTURE?
This test maybe used to screen the feces of normal dogs in order to select donors eligible for fecal transplantation (place in chronic diarrhea patients). 



Betsy T Sigmon, DVM, Diplomate American Board of Veterinary Practitioners, Canine & Feline
Creature Comforts Animal Hospital
Cary, NC